Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use) symlink vulnerability due to improper handling of symlinks during lock file creation. The vulnerability exists because the package does not adequately check for symlink manipulation between the time the lock file path is checked and the time it is used. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink, potentially leading to unauthorized access or modification of files, which could compromise the integrity and security of the system.

Affected versions of the filelock package are vulnerable to a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition due to a race window between a write-permission check and lock file creation that does not prevent symlink substitution. The flaw is in filelock.SoftFileLock in src/filelock/_soft.py, where _acquire() calls raise_on_not_writable_file() and then performs os.open() on the lock path, allowing the filesystem state to change between the check and the use.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition. The file locking mechanism in SoftFileLock._acquire() performs permission validation before file creation without using the O_NOFOLLOW flag, leading to a race window where attackers with local access can create symlinks that redirect lock operations to arbitrary files. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink during the brief window between permission check and file creation, causing the lock to operate on unintended target files and potentially enabling unauthorized access or file corruption.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Affected versions of Setuptools allow for remote code execution via its download functions. These functions, which are used to download packages from URLs provided by users or retrieved from package index servers, are susceptible to code injection. If these functions are exposed to user-controlled inputs, such as package URLs, they can execute arbitrary commands on the system.

Affected versions of Setuptools are vulnerable to Path Traversal via PackageIndex.download(). The impact is Arbitrary File Overwrite: An attacker would be allowed to write files to arbitrary locations on the filesystem with the permissions of the process running the Python code, which could escalate to RCE depending on the context.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package (up to and including 20.36.1) are vulnerable to Race Condition (TOCTOU) attacks due to non-atomic directory creation that is performed using check-then-act filesystem logic. The issue occurs in virtualenv’s directory creation operations for its app_data path and related lock file handling, where a directory existence check can be raced so a symlink is inserted before the subsequent creation or access step, redirecting operations to an unintended location.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package are vulnerable to Command Injection due to improper quoting of template string placeholders in activation scripts. The vulnerability exists in the ViaTemplateActivator class, where magic template strings like __VIRTUAL_ENV__ are replaced in shell activation scripts without proper escaping or quoting, allowing shell metacharacters to be interpreted as commands during string substitution. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a virtual environment with a specially crafted directory name containing shell commands (such as "';uname -a;':"), which will be executed when the activation script is sourced, resulting in arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the user activating the virtual environment.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use) symlink vulnerability due to improper handling of symlinks during lock file creation. The vulnerability exists because the package does not adequately check for symlink manipulation between the time the lock file path is checked and the time it is used. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink, potentially leading to unauthorized access or modification of files, which could compromise the integrity and security of the system.

Affected versions of the filelock package are vulnerable to a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition due to a race window between a write-permission check and lock file creation that does not prevent symlink substitution. The flaw is in filelock.SoftFileLock in src/filelock/_soft.py, where _acquire() calls raise_on_not_writable_file() and then performs os.open() on the lock path, allowing the filesystem state to change between the check and the use.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition. The file locking mechanism in SoftFileLock._acquire() performs permission validation before file creation without using the O_NOFOLLOW flag, leading to a race window where attackers with local access can create symlinks that redirect lock operations to arbitrary files. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink during the brief window between permission check and file creation, causing the lock to operate on unintended target files and potentially enabling unauthorized access or file corruption.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Affected versions of Setuptools allow for remote code execution via its download functions. These functions, which are used to download packages from URLs provided by users or retrieved from package index servers, are susceptible to code injection. If these functions are exposed to user-controlled inputs, such as package URLs, they can execute arbitrary commands on the system.

Affected versions of Setuptools are vulnerable to Path Traversal via PackageIndex.download(). The impact is Arbitrary File Overwrite: An attacker would be allowed to write files to arbitrary locations on the filesystem with the permissions of the process running the Python code, which could escalate to RCE depending on the context.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package (up to and including 20.36.1) are vulnerable to Race Condition (TOCTOU) attacks due to non-atomic directory creation that is performed using check-then-act filesystem logic. The issue occurs in virtualenv’s directory creation operations for its app_data path and related lock file handling, where a directory existence check can be raced so a symlink is inserted before the subsequent creation or access step, redirecting operations to an unintended location.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package are vulnerable to Command Injection due to improper quoting of template string placeholders in activation scripts. The vulnerability exists in the ViaTemplateActivator class, where magic template strings like __VIRTUAL_ENV__ are replaced in shell activation scripts without proper escaping or quoting, allowing shell metacharacters to be interpreted as commands during string substitution. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a virtual environment with a specially crafted directory name containing shell commands (such as "';uname -a;':"), which will be executed when the activation script is sourced, resulting in arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the user activating the virtual environment.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use) symlink vulnerability due to improper handling of symlinks during lock file creation. The vulnerability exists because the package does not adequately check for symlink manipulation between the time the lock file path is checked and the time it is used. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink, potentially leading to unauthorized access or modification of files, which could compromise the integrity and security of the system.

Affected versions of the filelock package are vulnerable to a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition due to a race window between a write-permission check and lock file creation that does not prevent symlink substitution. The flaw is in filelock.SoftFileLock in src/filelock/_soft.py, where _acquire() calls raise_on_not_writable_file() and then performs os.open() on the lock path, allowing the filesystem state to change between the check and the use.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition. The file locking mechanism in SoftFileLock._acquire() performs permission validation before file creation without using the O_NOFOLLOW flag, leading to a race window where attackers with local access can create symlinks that redirect lock operations to arbitrary files. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink during the brief window between permission check and file creation, causing the lock to operate on unintended target files and potentially enabling unauthorized access or file corruption.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Affected versions of Setuptools allow for remote code execution via its download functions. These functions, which are used to download packages from URLs provided by users or retrieved from package index servers, are susceptible to code injection. If these functions are exposed to user-controlled inputs, such as package URLs, they can execute arbitrary commands on the system.

Affected versions of Setuptools are vulnerable to Path Traversal via PackageIndex.download(). The impact is Arbitrary File Overwrite: An attacker would be allowed to write files to arbitrary locations on the filesystem with the permissions of the process running the Python code, which could escalate to RCE depending on the context.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package (up to and including 20.36.1) are vulnerable to Race Condition (TOCTOU) attacks due to non-atomic directory creation that is performed using check-then-act filesystem logic. The issue occurs in virtualenv’s directory creation operations for its app_data path and related lock file handling, where a directory existence check can be raced so a symlink is inserted before the subsequent creation or access step, redirecting operations to an unintended location.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package are vulnerable to Command Injection due to improper quoting of template string placeholders in activation scripts. The vulnerability exists in the ViaTemplateActivator class, where magic template strings like __VIRTUAL_ENV__ are replaced in shell activation scripts without proper escaping or quoting, allowing shell metacharacters to be interpreted as commands during string substitution. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a virtual environment with a specially crafted directory name containing shell commands (such as "';uname -a;':"), which will be executed when the activation script is sourced, resulting in arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the user activating the virtual environment.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use) symlink vulnerability due to improper handling of symlinks during lock file creation. The vulnerability exists because the package does not adequately check for symlink manipulation between the time the lock file path is checked and the time it is used. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink, potentially leading to unauthorized access or modification of files, which could compromise the integrity and security of the system.

Affected versions of the filelock package are vulnerable to a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition due to a race window between a write-permission check and lock file creation that does not prevent symlink substitution. The flaw is in filelock.SoftFileLock in src/filelock/_soft.py, where _acquire() calls raise_on_not_writable_file() and then performs os.open() on the lock path, allowing the filesystem state to change between the check and the use.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition. The file locking mechanism in SoftFileLock._acquire() performs permission validation before file creation without using the O_NOFOLLOW flag, leading to a race window where attackers with local access can create symlinks that redirect lock operations to arbitrary files. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink during the brief window between permission check and file creation, causing the lock to operate on unintended target files and potentially enabling unauthorized access or file corruption.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Affected versions of Setuptools allow for remote code execution via its download functions. These functions, which are used to download packages from URLs provided by users or retrieved from package index servers, are susceptible to code injection. If these functions are exposed to user-controlled inputs, such as package URLs, they can execute arbitrary commands on the system.

Affected versions of Setuptools are vulnerable to Path Traversal via PackageIndex.download(). The impact is Arbitrary File Overwrite: An attacker would be allowed to write files to arbitrary locations on the filesystem with the permissions of the process running the Python code, which could escalate to RCE depending on the context.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package (up to and including 20.36.1) are vulnerable to Race Condition (TOCTOU) attacks due to non-atomic directory creation that is performed using check-then-act filesystem logic. The issue occurs in virtualenv’s directory creation operations for its app_data path and related lock file handling, where a directory existence check can be raced so a symlink is inserted before the subsequent creation or access step, redirecting operations to an unintended location.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package are vulnerable to Command Injection due to improper quoting of template string placeholders in activation scripts. The vulnerability exists in the ViaTemplateActivator class, where magic template strings like __VIRTUAL_ENV__ are replaced in shell activation scripts without proper escaping or quoting, allowing shell metacharacters to be interpreted as commands during string substitution. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a virtual environment with a specially crafted directory name containing shell commands (such as "';uname -a;':"), which will be executed when the activation script is sourced, resulting in arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the user activating the virtual environment.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of the sqlparse package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to missing hard limits on token grouping recursion depth and token processing when formatting very large SQL tuple lists. During sqlparse.format() processing, the sqlparse.engine.grouping._group_matching() and sqlparse.engine.grouping._group() functions can recurse and iterate over excessively large tlist.tokens without enforcing MAX_GROUPING_DEPTH or MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS, allowing grouping work to grow until it effectively hangs.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks due to Algorithmic Complexity. The SQL parser fails to enforce limits when processing deeply nested tuples and large token sequences, leading to excessive resource consumption through crafted SQL statements with extreme nesting depth or token counts.

**Note:** This issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-4340.

Sqlparse 0.5.0 addresses a potential denial of service (DoS) vulnerability related to recursion errors in deeply nested SQL statements. To mitigate this issue, the update replaces recursion errors with a general SQLParseError, improving the resilience and stability of the parsing process.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use) symlink vulnerability due to improper handling of symlinks during lock file creation. The vulnerability exists because the package does not adequately check for symlink manipulation between the time the lock file path is checked and the time it is used. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink, potentially leading to unauthorized access or modification of files, which could compromise the integrity and security of the system.

Affected versions of the filelock package are vulnerable to a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition due to a race window between a write-permission check and lock file creation that does not prevent symlink substitution. The flaw is in filelock.SoftFileLock in src/filelock/_soft.py, where _acquire() calls raise_on_not_writable_file() and then performs os.open() on the lock path, allowing the filesystem state to change between the check and the use.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition. The file locking mechanism in SoftFileLock._acquire() performs permission validation before file creation without using the O_NOFOLLOW flag, leading to a race window where attackers with local access can create symlinks that redirect lock operations to arbitrary files. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious symlink during the brief window between permission check and file creation, causing the lock to operate on unintended target files and potentially enabling unauthorized access or file corruption.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Affected versions of the gunicorn package are vulnerable to HTTP Request/Response Smuggling due to improper validation of the Transfer-Encoding header that enables a TE.CL desynchronisation condition. Gunicorn’s HTTP parser does not consistently enforce RFC semantics when parsing conflicting or unsupported request framing—such as messages containing both Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length—so the backend may fall back to Content-Length while an intermediary treats the message as chunked.

Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.

Affected versions of Requests, when making requests through a Requests `Session`, if the first request is made with `verify=False` to disable cert verification, all subsequent requests to the same host will continue to ignore cert verification regardless of changes to the value of `verify`. This behavior will continue for the lifecycle of the connection in the connection pool. Requests 2.32.0 fixes the issue, but versions 2.32.0 and 2.32.1 were yanked due to conflicts with CVE-2024-35195 mitigation.

Affected versions of the requests package are vulnerable to Insecure Temporary File reuse due to predictable temporary filename generation in extract_zipped_paths(). The requests.utils.extract_zipped_paths() utility extracts files from zip archives into the system temporary directory using a deterministic path, and if that file already exists, the function reuses it without validating that it is the expected extracted content.

Affected versions of Requests are vulnerable to proxy credential leakage. When redirected to an HTTPS endpoint, the Proxy-Authorization header is forwarded to the destination server due to the use of rebuild_proxies to reattach the header. This may allow a malicious actor to exfiltrate sensitive information.

Requests is an HTTP library. Due to a URL parsing issue, Requests releases prior to 2.32.4 may leak .netrc credentials to third parties for specific maliciously-crafted URLs. Users should upgrade to version 2.32.4 to receive a fix. For older versions of Requests, use of the .netrc file can be disabled with `trust_env=False` on one's Requests Session.

Urllib3's ProxyManager ensures that the Proxy-Authorization header is correctly directed only to configured proxies. However, when HTTP requests bypass urllib3's proxy support, there's a risk of inadvertently setting the Proxy-Authorization header, which remains ineffective without a forwarding or tunneling proxy. Urllib3 does not recognize this header as carrying authentication data, failing to remove it during cross-origin redirects. While this scenario is uncommon and poses low risk to most users, urllib3 now proactively removes the Proxy-Authorization header during cross-origin redirects as a precautionary measure. Users are advised to utilize urllib3's proxy support or disable automatic redirects to handle the Proxy-Authorization header securely. Despite these precautions, urllib3 defaults to stripping the header to safeguard users who may inadvertently misconfigure requests.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure due to improper handling of sensitive headers during cross-origin redirects in the low-level proxy API. When following cross-origin redirects via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen() with assert_same_host=False, sensitive headers including Authorization, Cookie, and Proxy-Authorization are not stripped, unlike the high-level API, which removes them via Retry.DEFAULT_REMOVE_HEADERS_ON_REDIRECT. An attacker controlling a redirect target can capture these sensitive headers from requests that follow cross-origin redirects through the low-level proxy API path.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

Affected versions of urllib3 are vulnerable to an HTTP redirect handling vulnerability that fails to remove the HTTP request body when a POST changes to a GET via 301, 302, or 303 responses. This flaw can expose sensitive request data if the origin service is compromised and redirects to a malicious endpoint, though exploitability is low when no sensitive data is used. The vulnerability affects automatic redirect behavior. It is fixed in versions 1.26.18 and 2.0.7; update or disable redirects using redirects=False.
This vulnerability is specific to Python's urllib3 library.

Urllib3 1.26.17 and 2.0.5 include a fix for CVE-2023-43804: Urllib3 doesn't treat the 'Cookie' HTTP header special or provide any helpers for managing cookies over HTTP, that is the responsibility of the user. However, it is possible for a user to specify a 'Cookie' header and unknowingly leak information via HTTP redirects to a different origin if that user doesn't disable redirects explicitly.
https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/security/advisories/GHSA-v845-jxx5-vc9f

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to improper handling of highly compressed HTTP response bodies during streaming decompression. The urllib3.HTTPResponse methods stream(), read(), read1(), read_chunked(), and readinto() may fully decompress a minimal but highly compressed payload based on the Content-Encoding header into an internal buffer instead of limiting the decompressed output to the requested chunk size, causing excessive CPU usage and massive memory allocation on the client side.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to redirect handling that drains connections by decompressing redirect response bodies without enforcing streaming read limits. The issue occurs when using urllib3’s streaming mode (for example, preload_content=False) while allowing redirects, because urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.drain_conn() would call HTTPResponse.read() in a way that decoded/decompressed the entire redirect response body even before any streaming reads were performed, effectively bypassing decompression-bomb safeguards.

Affected versions of the urllib3 package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to allowing an unbounded number of content-encoding decompression steps for HTTP responses. The HTTPResponse content decoding pipeline in urllib3 follows the Content-Encoding header and applies each advertised compression algorithm in sequence without enforcing a maximum chain length or effective output size, so a malicious peer can send a response with a very long encoding chain that triggers excessive CPU use and massive memory allocation during decompression.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Certifi affected versions recognized root certificates from GLOBALTRUST. Certifi patch removes these root certificates from the root store. These certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation that identified "long-running and unresolved compliance issues" and are also in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store.

Certifi 2023.07.22 includes a fix for CVE-2023-37920: Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes "e-Tugra" root certificates. e-Tugra's root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from "e-Tugra" from the root store.
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/security/advisories/GHSA-xqr8-7jwr-rhp7

Affected versions of Sentry's Python SDK are vulnerable to unintentional exposure of environment variables to subprocesses despite the env={} setting. In Python's 'subprocess' calls, all environment variables are passed to subprocesses by default. However, if you specifically do not want them to be passed to subprocesses, you may use 'env' argument in 'subprocess' calls. Due to the bug in Sentry SDK, with the Stdlib integration enabled (which is enabled by default), this expectation is not fulfilled, and all environment variables are being passed to subprocesses instead. 
As a workaround, and if passing environment variables to child processes poses a security risk for you, you can disable all default integrations.

Affected versions of Setuptools allow for remote code execution via its download functions. These functions, which are used to download packages from URLs provided by users or retrieved from package index servers, are susceptible to code injection. If these functions are exposed to user-controlled inputs, such as package URLs, they can execute arbitrary commands on the system.

Affected versions of Setuptools are vulnerable to Path Traversal via PackageIndex.download(). The impact is Arbitrary File Overwrite: An attacker would be allowed to write files to arbitrary locations on the filesystem with the permissions of the process running the Python code, which could escalate to RCE depending on the context.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package (up to and including 20.36.1) are vulnerable to Race Condition (TOCTOU) attacks due to non-atomic directory creation that is performed using check-then-act filesystem logic. The issue occurs in virtualenv’s directory creation operations for its app_data path and related lock file handling, where a directory existence check can be raced so a symlink is inserted before the subsequent creation or access step, redirecting operations to an unintended location.

Affected versions of the virtualenv package are vulnerable to Command Injection due to improper quoting of template string placeholders in activation scripts. The vulnerability exists in the ViaTemplateActivator class, where magic template strings like __VIRTUAL_ENV__ are replaced in shell activation scripts without proper escaping or quoting, allowing shell metacharacters to be interpreted as commands during string substitution. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by creating a virtual environment with a specially crafted directory name containing shell commands (such as "';uname -a;':"), which will be executed when the activation script is sourced, resulting in arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the user activating the virtual environment.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of Idna are vulnerable to Denial Of Service via the idna.encode(), where a specially crafted argument could lead to significant resource consumption. In version 3.7, this function has been updated to reject such inputs efficiently, minimizing resource use. A practical workaround involves enforcing a maximum domain name length of 253 characters before encoding, as the vulnerability is triggered by unusually large inputs that normal operations wouldn't encounter.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient string concatenation when processing duplicate HTTP headers in ASGI mode. The ASGIRequest class combines repeated headers using repeated string concatenation, resulting in super-linear (quadratic) time complexity when processing requests with many duplicate headers.

An issue was discovered in Django 4.2 before 4.2.21, 5.1 before 5.1.9, and 5.2 before 5.2.1. The django.utils.html.strip_tags() function is vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (slow performance) when processing inputs containing large sequences of incomplete HTML tags. The template filter striptags is also vulnerable, because it is built on top of strip_tags().

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service (DoS) attack in the `django.utils.html.strip_tags()` method. The vulnerability occurs when the `strip_tags()` method or the `striptags` template filter processes inputs containing large sequences of nested, incomplete HTML entities.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service attack due to improper IPv6 validation. The lack of upper limit enforcement for input strings in clean_ipv6_address, is_valid_ipv6_address, and the django.forms.GenericIPAddressField form field allowed attackers to exploit overly long inputs, causing resource exhaustion. The vulnerability is addressed by defining a max_length of 39 characters for affected form fields. The django.db.models.GenericIPAddressField model field was not impacted. Users should upgrade promptly.

Django affected versions are vulnerable to a potential SQL injection in the HasKey(lhs, rhs) lookup on Oracle databases. The vulnerability arises when untrusted data is directly used as the lhs value in the django.db.models.fields.json.HasKey lookup. However, applications using the jsonfield.has_key lookup with the __ syntax remain unaffected by this issue.

An issue was discovered in Django 5.2 before 5.2.3, 5.1 before 5.1.11, and 4.2 before 4.2.23. Internal HTTP response logging does not escape request.path, which allows remote attackers to potentially manipulate log output via crafted URLs. This may lead to log injection or forgery when logs are viewed in terminals or processed by external systems.

Affected versions of Django has a potential SQL injection vulnerability in the QuerySet.values() and QuerySet.values_list() methods. When used on models with a JSONField, these methods are susceptible to SQL injection through column aliases if a crafted JSON object key is passed as an argument.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential denial-of-service in django.utils.text.wrap(). The django.utils.text.wrap() and wordwrap template filter were subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Path Traversal due to improper validation of archive member paths during extraction. The django.utils.archive.extract() function—used by the startapp --template and startproject --template commands—checked path prefixes instead of using canonicalised paths, allowing archive entries whose names share a prefix with the destination to resolve outside the intended directory.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Information Disclosure (Timing Attack) due to non-constant-time comparison in the mod_wsgi authentication handler. The django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi.check_password() function does not perform user existence checks in constant time, allowing response timing differences to reveal whether usernames exist.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential Denial of Service via certain inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters in django.utils.encoding.uri_to_iri().

Django fixes a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in XML ``Deserializer``.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to inefficient algorithmic complexity in MultiPartParser when handling multipart upload parts that declare Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 and include excessive whitespace. The parser normalises and decodes the base64 body of each part without bounding the volume of interstitial whitespace, so processing time grows disproportionately with the amount of attacker-supplied whitespace embedded in the encoded payload, reaching a pathological worst case under crafted input. An authenticated remote attacker able to submit multipart uploads can exploit this by including large amounts of whitespace inside a base64-encoded part to consume excessive CPU during request parsing, degrading availability of the Django application.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to a potential ReDoS (regular expression denial of service) in EmailValidator and URLValidator via a very large number of domain name labels of emails and URLs.

A security vulnerability has been discovered in certain versions of Django, affecting the password reset functionality. The PasswordResetForm class in django.contrib.auth.forms inadvertently allowed attackers to enumerate user email addresses by exploiting unhandled exceptions during the email sending process. This could be done by issuing password reset requests and observing the responses. Django has implemented a fix where these exceptions are now caught and logged using the django.contrib.auth logger, preventing potential information leakage through error responses.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to Denial-of-Service via django.utils.text.Truncator. The django.utils.text.Truncator chars() and words() methods (when used with html=True) are subject to a potential DoS (denial of service) attack via certain inputs with very long, potentially malformed HTML text. The chars() and words() methods are used to implement the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, which are thus also vulnerable. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-14232.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of column aliases containing periods in QuerySet.order_by() when combined with FilteredRelation. The QuerySet.order_by() method fails to properly sanitize column aliases that contain periods when the same alias is used in FilteredRelation via dictionary expansion. 
https://github.com/django/django/commit/90f5b10784ba5bf369caed87640e2b4394ea3314

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to HTTP Header Spoofing due to ambiguous normalisation of request header names in ASGIRequest, where two distinct on-the-wire header variants that differ only in underscore versus hyphen separators collapse to the same internal key. When Django builds the request META mapping for an ASGI request, a header such as X-Forwarded-For and a client-supplied X_Forwarded_For are both mapped to the single underscore form, so an attacker-controlled header can overwrite or masquerade as a trusted header set by a fronting proxy or middleware. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending an HTTP request containing an underscore-separated header name that collides with a trusted hyphenated header to spoof values relied on by downstream middleware or application code, such as forwarded-client or authentication-related headers, leading to authentication bypass and integrity impact.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to GenericInlineModelAdmin failing to validate add permissions on inline model instances when processing forged POST data on admin change forms. When the admin changes view handles inline formsets backed by GenericInlineModelAdmin, new inline rows submitted in the POST payload are persisted without verifying that the requesting user holds add permission on the target inline model, so the add-permission check is effectively skipped for generic inline relationships. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a parent model but lacks add permission on an associated generic-inline model can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data containing additional inline rows, creating new instances of the inline model and resulting in unauthorised record creation within the Django admin.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper handling of control characters in column aliases within FilteredRelation. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly sanitize column aliases containing control characters when used with QuerySet methods annotate(), aggregate(), extra(), values(), values_list(), and alias() via dictionary expansion (**kwargs).

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper sanitization of band index parameters in PostGIS raster lookups. The raster lookup functionality in Django's GIS module fails to properly validate or escape untrusted data used as a band index when performing spatial queries against PostGIS databases.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to quadratic time complexity during HTML parsing in text truncation methods. The django.utils.text.Truncator.chars() and Truncator.words() methods (with html=True), as well as the truncatechars_html and truncatewords_html template filters, exhibit quadratic time complexity when processing inputs containing a large number of unmatched HTML end tags.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential denial-of-service in intcomma template filter when used with very long strings.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled resource consumption during URL parsing on Windows. The URLField.to_python() method invokes urllib.parse.urlsplit(), which performs NFKC normalisation on Windows that is disproportionately slow for certain Unicode characters. A remote attacker can submit large URL inputs containing these characters to forms backed by URLField, causing excessive CPU consumption and rendering the service unavailable.

Affected versions of Django are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service via the get_supported_language_variant() method. This method was susceptible to a denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters. Exploiting this vulnerability could cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application, potentially leading to service disruption.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a directory-traversal vulnerability in the Storage.save() method. Derived classes of the django.core.files.storage.Storage base class that overrides the generate_filename() method without replicating the file path validations existing in the parent class could allow for directory traversal via certain inputs when calling save(). This could enable an attacker to manipulate file paths and access unintended directories.

Affected versions of Django are vulnerable to potential regular expression denial-of-service (REDoS). django.utils.text.Truncator.words() method (with html=True) and truncatewords_html template filter were subject to a potential regular expression denial-of-service attack using a suitably crafted string (follow up to CVE-2019-14232 and CVE-2023-43665).

Django addresses a memory exhaustion issue in django.utils.numberformat.floatformat(). When floatformat receives a string representation of a number in scientific notation with a large exponent, it could lead to excessive memory consumption. To prevent this, decimals with more than 200 digits are now returned as-is.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in the django.utils.html.urlize() function. The urlize and urlizetrunc template filters were susceptible to a denial-of-service attack via certain inputs containing many brackets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause significant delays or crashes in the affected application.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to uncontrolled memory consumption in the floatformat template filter. The floatformat filter fails to handle string representations of numbers in scientific notation with large exponents efficiently, causing excessive memory allocation when rendering such inputs. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a template with a floatformat filter applied to a specially crafted scientific notation number, leading to memory exhaustion and service unavailability.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient neutralization of user-controlled column alias names provided via dictionary expansion. The QuerySet.annotate(), QuerySet.alias(), QuerySet.aggregate(), and QuerySet.extra() methods accept **kwargs whose keys are used as column aliases, and on MySQL and MariaDB, those identifiers are not safely quoted, permitting crafted input to be incorporated into the generated SQL.

Affected versions of Django are affected by a username enumeration vulnerability caused by timing differences in the django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend.authenticate() method. This method allowed remote attackers to enumerate users through a timing attack involving login requests for users with unusable passwords. The timing difference in the authentication process exposed whether a username was valid or not, potentially aiding attackers in gaining unauthorized access.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to insufficient input sanitization in FilteredRelation column aliases. The FilteredRelation class fails to properly validate or escape column alias names when they are provided through dictionary expansion as keyword arguments to QuerySet.annotate() or QuerySet.alias() methods, allowing malicious SQL code to be injected directly into the generated database queries.

Django has a potential denial-of-service vulnerability in django.utils.html.urlize() and AdminURLFieldWidget. The urlize and urlizetrunc functions, along with AdminURLFieldWidget, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks when handling inputs with a very large number of Unicode characters.

Django 4.2.1, 4.1.9 and 3.2.19 include a fix for CVE-2023-31047: In Django 3.2 before 3.2.19, 4.x before 4.1.9, and 4.2 before 4.2.1, it was possible to bypass validation when using one form field to upload multiple files. This multiple upload has never been supported by forms.FileField or forms.ImageField (only the last uploaded file was validated). However, Django's "Uploading multiple files" documentation suggested otherwise.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/may/03/security-releases

CVE-2025-64458: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due to slow Unicode NFKC normalization on Windows being applied to untrusted inputs. The django.contrib.auth.views.LoginView and django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView, and django.views.i18n.set_language normalize user-controlled strings using Python’s NFKC algorithm, which is unusually slow on Windows for huge Unicode sequences and can be triggered to consume excessive CPU.

Django 4.2.7, 4.1.13 and 3.2.23 include a fix for CVE-2023-46695: Potential denial of service vulnerability in UsernameField on Windows.
https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2023/nov/01/security-releases

CVE-2025-64459: Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to SQL Injection due to improper input validation, allowing the internal _connector keyword argument to be accepted from untrusted dictionaries via expansion. The .filter(), .exclude(), and .get() methods on QuerySet, as well as the Q class, resolve **kwargs and will treat a supplied _connector value as the logical connector without constraining it to the expected set (AND/OR), permitting attacker-controlled tokens to influence SQL predicate construction.

Django fixes potential SQL injection in ``FilteredRelation`` column aliases on PostgreSQL.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Denial of Service due to unbounded request-body allocation when reading HttpRequest.body for ASGI requests whose Content-Length header is missing or understates the actual payload size. The body-reading path relies on the declared Content-Length to enforce the DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE cap, so an ASGI request that omits Content-Length or advertises a smaller value than the payload being streamed bypasses the limit check and reads the full incoming body into memory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this against a Django application served over ASGI by sending a request without Content-Length or with an understated value, causing the server to load an arbitrarily large request body into memory and exhaust available resources on the host.

Affected versions of the Django package are vulnerable to Missing Authorization due to the admin changelist view processing forged POST data against a ModelAdmin that defines list_editable without enforcing that submitted rows correspond only to existing records a user is permitted to edit. The changelist form handling is under ModelAdmin.list_editable accepts form entries whose primary key values do not match any existing row and creates new instances from them, treating the inline edit endpoint as an implicit create path that bypasses the add-permission check. An authenticated admin user who holds change permission on a model exposed via list_editable but lacks add permission can exploit this by submitting crafted POST data to the changelist endpoint to create new instances of that model, resulting in unauthorized record creation within the Django admin.

A potential denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in Django's urlize() and urlizetrunc() functions in django.utils.html. This vulnerability can be triggered by inputting huge strings containing a specific sequence of characters.