Rasterio

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- Remove background layer from boundless VRT (1982). It's not needed since
fixes in GDAL after 3.1.3. Wheels on PyPI for rasterio 1.1.6 will patch GDAL
2.4.4 to fix those GDAL issues.
- Clean up VSI files left by MemoryFileBase, resolving 1953.
- Do not pass empty coordinate arrays to warp._transform to avoid crashes with
some versions of GDAL as reported in 1952. Instead, directly return empty
output arrays.
- Properly convert block size `--co` option values to int in rio-clip and
rio-warp to prevent exceptions reported in 1989.
- Fail gracefully when rio-convert lacks an input file (1985).
- Allow merge.merge() to open one dataset at a time (1831).
- Optimize CRS.__eq__() for CRS described by EPSG codes.
- Fix bug in ParsedPath.is_remote() reported in 1967.
- The reproject() method accepts objects that provide `__array__` in addition
to instances of numpy.ndarray (1957, 1959).
- Custom labels may be used with show_hist() by giving the `label` keyword
argument a sequence of label strings, one per band.

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- Earlier versions of rasterio set the CHECK_WITH_INVERT_PROJ config option to
`True` by default. This is very rarely necessary and broke the GRIB format
driver (1248), so we no longer set this option (1942). Users of rasterio
1.1.5 in combination with GDAL 1.11 and PROJ 4.8 may see some small
differences, compared to rasterio versions < 1.1.5, in results of warping
global datasets.
- WarpedVRT can properly handle two use cases that weren't ruled out in version
1.1.4: simple scaling of datasets and control over the scaling of reprojected
output (1921, 1936).
- The error in making boundless reads of datasets opened using the
OVERVIEW_LEVEL reported in 1929 has been resolved by 1939.
- The pixel shift in reads from datasets reported in the user discussion group
and 1932, has been fixed (1938).
- We have extended the signature of merge's method function (1933).
- The MemoryFile implementation has been improved so that it can support
multi-part S3 downloads (1926).
- Members of the Resampling enum with a value > 7 can only be used in warp
operations (1930). We now raise a ResamplingAlgorithmError if they are used
with non-warp read and writes.
- To help users of poetry, the conditional requirements in setup.py have been
changed to use PEP 496 environment markers exclusively (1777).

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Bug fixes:

- Raise a more helpful exception when asked to open a dataset in write mode
using a read-only driver (1919).
- Missing support for geometry collections in the rasterio.features module
(1914) has been fixed (1915).
- Support for the int8 data type has been extended to the InMemoryRaster class
(1880).
- rasterio.plot.show_hist caused a Python 3.8 syntax warning. This was fixed by
1874.
- Make the strict intersection in rio-clip optional with a --with-complement
option (1907).
- Add a new as_vsi() method to the Path class for internal use and improve
Windows path handling and tests thereof (1895).

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Bug fixes:

- Raise RasterioIOError when errors occur while creating a dataset (1796).
- Filter more categories of invalid features in rasterize (1815).
- Fall back to use of a DummySession instead of failing when boto3 isn't
available (1864).
- A crashing bug involving boundless reads of VRTs (1863) has been fixed.
- The required transform argument of windows.from_bounds() was changed from a
positional arg to a keyword arg in commit 361112e but no guard against the
default value of None was added (1857). The function now raises WindowError
if no transform is given.
- dataset_mask returned in some cases an array with dtype "int64" (1856). This
bug was introduced in 1.1.2 and has been fixed.

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Bug fixes:

- Sampling of WarpedVRT datasets was broken in version in 1.1.1 (1833) and has
been fixed.
- The missing out_dtype keyword argument has been added to
WarpedVRTReaderBase.read() (1849).
- The missing --format option has been added to rio-calc (1846).
- Reduce all the band masks when computing the dataset mask. Previously we had
missed the last band.
- PR 1842 makes sure that rio-calc's cleanup doesn't fail due to unbound
variables.
- The conflict between the --bbox/--feature/--collection and
--sequence/--collection option of rio-bounds (1807) has been fixed by
removing "collection" from the possible JSON type options.
- Increase default precision for the merge tool from 7 to 10 (1837).
- Allow rio-clip and rio-convert to overwrite output files (1836).
- Allow src_crs parameter to fully override the source dataset's CRS (1808).

Packaging notes:

- The wheels on PyPI now include the base (version 1.8) PROJ datum grids and
are thus a few MB larger in size.

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Bug fixes:

- Calling a dataset's sample method with coordinates outside the extent of a
dataset with a nodata value of None has raised a TypeError (1822). Now, it
gives the values we would get from a boundless read of the dataset's values.
- Use new set_proj_search_path() function to set the PROJ data search path. For
GDAL versions before 3.0 this sets the PROJ_LIB environment variable. For
GDAL version 3.0 this calls OSRSetPROJSearchPaths(), which overrides
PROJ_LIB (1823).
- Check for header.dxf file instead of pcs.csv when looking for installed GDAL
data. The latter is gone with GDAL 3.0 but the former remains (1823).
- RGB rasters are now properly displayed by rasterio.plot.show (1650).

Notes:

- The wheels on PyPI include GDAL 2.4.3 with a patch that addresses the
multithreading issue reported in 1828.